Atkins Dijeta
“The Atkins Diet is a high-protein, low-carbohydrate weight loss diet developed by Robert Atkins, MD, during the 1960s. In the early 1990s, Dr. Atkins brought his diet back into the nutrition spotlight with the publication of his best-selling book “Dr. Atkins' New Diet Revolution”.
The Atkins Diet severely restricts the consumption of carbohydrate-rich foods and encourages the consumption of protein and fat . The diet is divided into four phases: Induction, Ongoing Weight Loss, Pre-maintenance, and Maintenance. During the Induction phase (the first 14 days of the diet), carbohydrate intake is limited to no more than 20 grams per day. No fruit, bread, grains, starchy vegetables, or dairy products (except cheese, cream, and butter) are allowed during this phase. During the Ongoing Weight Loss phase, dieters experiment with various levels of carbohydrate consumption until they determine the most liberal level of carbohydrate intake that allows them to continue to lose weight. Dieters are encouraged to maintain this level of carbohydrate intake until their weight loss goals are met. During the Pre-maintenance and Maintenance phases, dieters determine the level of carbohydrate consumption that allows them to maintain their weight. To prevent weight regain, dieters are told to maintain this level of carbohydrate consumption, perhaps for the rest of their lives. According to Dr. Atkins, most people must limit their carbohydrate intake to no more than 60 grams per day to keep lost weight off. In addition to the dietary restrictions discussed above, Dr. Atkins recommends regular exercise and nutritional supplementation as part of his weight loss program.
Napomena: Prehrambene preporuke izdane od strane različitih organizacija, uključujući i SAD Odjela za poljoprivredu, National Institutes of Health, a American Heart Association, potiču dnevni unos ugljikohidrata od oko 300 grama. Da biste ostali zdravi, morat ćete konzumirati pet puta više što propisuje Atkins u svojoj prehrani. Može li ljudsko biće posljednja dovoljno dugo na ovoj dijeti bez da osjetite bilo kakve nuspojave? Ako Dieter usudi to mangupirati se na ovaj program, rezultat može biti štetan, a težina se može lako ponovno, dvostruko više nego što je izgubila u prehrani. Brzo debljanje donosi eventualne depresije i Dieter na kraju će doći njegov izvorni težinu prije mršavljenja.
Što je toliko privlačno u prehrani koje su se tako mnogi pojedinci uzeti vremena i truda da se prijave?
Visoko-proteinska dijeta su hir režimi u tom trenutku. Njihova teorija za mršavljenje sastoji se od jesti puno životinjskih bjelančevina i ugljikohidrata, kao što su preskakivanje kruh, riža i tjestenina. Teorija iza ove dijete je da ako učitavanje gore na proteinima životinjskog podrijetla, osjetit ćete punije brže, tako da ćete završiti jedući manje.
Atkins Dijeta je privlačna dijeti koji su pokušali neuspješno izgubiti težinu na niske masnoće i niske kalorijske dijeta. Atkins dijeti mogu jesti što više kalorija po želji iz proteina i masti , dok potrošnju ugljikohidrata je ograničen. Prema tome, mnogi su Atkins dijeti pošteđen osjećaj gladi i deprivacije, koji prate i druge režima mršavljenja.
Temeljna pretpostavka za Atkins Dijeta je da prehrana bogata šećera i rafiniranih ugljikohidrata uzrokuje debljanje, i na kraju dovesti do pretilosti. Takve dijete povećavaju proizvodnju inzulina (hormon koji luči gušterača). Kada je razina inzulina visoka, hrana koju jedemo brzo i lako je pretvoriti u masti , i pohranjeni u našim stanicama. Ograničavanjem potrošnje ugljikohidrata, proizvodnja inzulina je moderiran. Osim toga, nedostatak raspoloživih ugljikohidrata (tijelo je preferirani izvor goriva) prisiljava tijelo da se spali pohranjene masnoće kao izvor energije.
Što kritičari reći?
Mnogi nutricionisti ne slažu se s temeljne pretpostavke za Atkins Dijeta - Pojam da je visoka ugljikohidrata, low- mast dijeta uzrokuju pretilost. Za dokaz o implausibility na Atkins Dijeta, neki nutricionisti ističu da je tradicionalna japanska prehrana je vrlo visoka ugljikohidratima, nizak protein, i vrlo niska u masti , međutim, prije uvođenja visoke masnoće i visoko-proteinska namirnica zapadnim , prekomjerna tjelesna težina bila rijetka u Japanu. Takvi rezultati smisla jer unca unca za, ugljikohidrati sadrže daleko manje kalorija nego mast (s 4 kalorije iz ugljikohidrata u odnosu 9 kalorija iz masti ). Ti kritičari okrivljuju pretjeranu potrošnju kalorija (iz bilo kojeg izvora) i nedostatak fizičke aktivnosti kao primarnih uzroka pretilosti.
Jedna briga o visoko-proteinska dijeta proizlazi iz svih zasićenih Fat je jedan jede - one masti i to smo rekli uzrokovati visoku razinu kolesterola, začepljenje arterija i, na kraju, bolest srca. Kritičari također izražavaju zabrinutost o utjecaju na Atkins Dijeta na cjelokupno zdravlje Dieter. Ovisno o hrani po izboru Dieter, dijeta može sadržavati velike količine zasićenih masnoća i trans masnoća , stavljajući osobe s rizikom za bolesti srca u opasnosti. Nedavno istraživanje je pokazalo da visoko-proteinska dijeta ubrzati progresiju ateroskleroze, glavni uzrok srčanog udara. Štoviše, suprotno tvrdnji Atkins, iznimno niske masnoće dijeta je utvrđeno da preokrenu bolesti srca. Osim toga, nedostatak žitarica, voća i povrća na Atkins Dijeta može dovesti do nedostataka ključnih nutrijenata, uključujući prehrambenih vlakana, vitamina C, folne kiseline i nekoliko minerala. Konačno, visoka protein dijeta može povećati rizik od osteoporoze i ubrzati stopu pogoršanja bubrega povezane sa starenjem.
Kritičari priznaju da Atkins dijeti često gube na tjelesnoj masi tijekom početne faze u prehrani. Međutim, ti kritičari tvrde da prehrana ima diuretski učinak te da je početni gubitak težine zbog gubitka vode, a ne mast gubitak. S vremenom tijelo vraća joj ravnotežu vode i natrija, a stopa od mršavljenja opada. Kritičari također napomenuti da nema dokaza pokazuje da Atkinsova dijeta dovodi do većeg gubitka težine rezultate od drugih dijeta koje pružaju više ugljikohidrata, a ipak isti broj calories.Critics Također imajte na umu visoko-proteinska dijeta može dovesti do opasne neravnoteže - gubitak kosti i bubrežnih problema - jer previše bjelančevina može prekomjernog rada bubrega.
Dr. Atkins je bila prva osoba koja je donijela niskih ugljikohidrata prehrane do većih neravnina u SAD-u, a ja mu kredit za prkosi "sustav" i nudi plan mršavljenja koji radi za neke ljude. On predstavlja znanstvenu činjenicu, ali za najveći dio njegova nedavna knjiga pruža informacije anegdota od mnogih njegovih pacijenata.
Dr. Atkins tvrdi da su neki ljudi imaju stanje "hiper-insulinism", u kojoj oni proizvode višak količine inzulina kad jedu ugljikohidrate, što pak uzrokuje mast za pohranu, dijabetes, i žudnja za više ugljikohidrata. Ova teorija je znanstveno logično, ali nije prihvaćena kao dokazana od strane medicinske zajednice.
U Dr. Atkins '"fazi održavanja", on savjetuje da osobe povećati svoj unos ugljikohidrata do točke u kojoj oni ne dobiti ili izgubiti težinu.
Sve što je velika, međutim, kako možemo razumjeti cijeli koncept iza svojih dijeta i zašto ljudi doista vjeruju u njega? Kako to zapravo radi?
Insulin is a hormone, which is a substance that travels through the body and stimulates chemical reactions. The human body has mechanisms to regulate how much of each hormone is produced, so that their effects can be controlled. With insulin, however, there is no “shut-off” switch as there is with other hormones. The digestion of carbohydrates produces insulin, and there is no way to stop its activity once it is present in the bloodstream. There is also no way to prevent it from being produced when carbohydrates are consumed, even if these are in excess of what the body needs for fuel.
So, the more carbohydrates you consume, the more insulin the pancreas will produce to help digest the sugars of the carbohydrates. The more insulin that is being produced, the more stored fat will be sent to the cells, especially to those around your waist.
I believe Dr. Atkins' diet may be useful for persons who are very sensitive to carbohydrates and have extremely slow metabolic rates.
Dr. Atkins' diet does not restrict protein intake, which is the correct approach. However, his advice to add carbohydrate grams for the maintenance phase so that continued weight loss does not occur is not scientifically sound. There is no indication that a person will continue to lose weight below his ideal bodyweight, taking in consideration his body type and metabolism. Your body is predisposed to a certain weight, even though you interrupt carbohydrates consumption from your diet, the body will still maintain the same weight. After that phase, you will simply need to maintain it and be happy with it.
Extreme dieters will need to understand that all the information mentioned above and below these lines is to make you realize some facts that you've never taken the time to research. When a diet becomes popular, people jump on it without researching in more detail what it can do for their bodies or if the diet fits their standard. It is not because “John Doe has lost some weight on this specific diet” that you will have a similar result. The same goes for diet pills: be careful with them. If they work temporarily for some people, it doesn't necessarily mean they will have the same effect on you.
As for me, experiencing my own programs enabled me to lose weight, maintain it and still eat as much as I want of the right foods. I eat and exercise plenty.
Remember that moderation is important. If you want to eat something that is not healthy, go ahead and eat it. However, make sure to moderate the rest of the day with the right food. The following information should be helpful when it comes to moderation regarding a well-balanced diet.
Here are some good reasons to avoid high-protein diets:
1. They violate almost every known fact about nutritionally balanced eating. For some dieters, these diets can even be life threatening.
2. Popular high protein diet foods are high in cholesterol and saturated fat , which are now established as major culprits in heart attacks and strokes.
3. They overload you with protein, which results in loss of calcium from your bones, which may lead to osteoporosis. Protein overload also pressurizes your kidneys as they try to eliminate large amounts of urea, a by-product of protein metabolism.
4. They forbid foods known to lower the risk of heart disease and many cancers.
5. They deprive you of carbohydrates, the nutrient group most readily converted to energy. Even moderately active people will notice this lack during exercise.
6. They deprive your brain of glucose, which it needs for normal functioning. The result is a slowdown in thinking and reaction time.
7. They deprive you of the enormous benefits of fiber, which is a form of carbohydrate (cellulose).
8. They are deficient in essential vitamins. Indeed, some high protein diets even require you to take vitamin supplements for the sake of your health.
9. They cause potentially dangerous changes in your body chemistry.
10. They deliver temporary weight loss. However, a large part of it is water weight and lean muscle mass – not fat . (You lose water because your kidneys try to get rid of the excess waste products of protein and fat , called ketones, that your body makes.)
Note: Weight gain is usually rapid when you go off the diet.
11. Finally, it's worth knowing that while your body burns up 23 calories for every 10o carbohydrate calories it digests, it only burns up 3 calories for every 100 “ fat ” calories it digests. Therefore, a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet makes it easier for you to stay fat !
FYI (For Your Information):
The average Western diet contains TOO MUCH fat .
That's why an estimated 1 in 3 American children are overweight!
That's why heart disease is the No. 1 killer in America and Europe.
We should be eating less fat , not more.
High protein diets encourage high- fat eating and – for this reason alone – should be avoided.
What are those medical miracles that are being publicized to consumers for their rapid weight loss programs? The magazine Self, in March of 2002 investigated some of the programs that are simply bogus.
“Healthy weight loss” is not a particularly sexy marketing slogan. It is quite impossible to sell these types of slogans to Americans: “Drop pounds by eating fewer calories and increasing physical activity!” Instead, manufacturers of weight loss concoctions resort to selling their products with dubious promises of magically speedy results. Thankfully, separating fact from fiction is easy.
Try to separate bogus slogan from reality:
o “Lose 30 pounds in just 30 days” – Very tempting, isn't it? However, it is physically impossible to lose so much weight in such a short time. Moreover, it is not healthy. You could only hurt your health throughout the process and I can reassure you, you will gain back the weight faster than a speeding bullet.
o “Lose weight while you sleep” – Yeah! Heard that one before. If all you have to do is sip a magical potion or swallow a miracle pill, the product is as likely to be as real as your “wet dreams” at night.
o “Lose weight and keep it off for good” – The only permanent weight loss plan involves changing your diet and exercise regimen. It is all about burning more calories than you are consuming. It's all about simple mathematics. You burn more than what you ingest.
o “John Doe lost 90 pounds in just six weeks”. Yes, and I am Superman! As I said previously, it is very dangerous to try to lose that much weight in such a short period. Let's analyze this slogan. We'll have some fun!
One pound equals 3,500 calories. You will need to reduce your diet by over 315,000 calories (90 pounds x 3,500 calories) during that 6-week period. Now how is that going to happen? Let's say your body needs 2,000/day calories to function. That equals 14,000 calories weekly, right? Multiply that by 6 weeks. That equals 84,000 calories for 6 weeks. Now, I am not a rocket scientist, but do you get my point? You will actually need to fast for 6 weeks in a row, and still have to burn an extra 231,000 by exercising. What are these morons thinking when they try to advertise these slogans to the American people? I would suggest that they go back to school and retake elementary math. It seems they can't even do a simple calculation.
Bottom line, ladies and gentlemen. There is NO MIRACLE DIET. Quit being triggered to spend your money by these bogus slogans.
Low Carbohydrate Diets
We all love carbohydrates. Pasta, bread, rice and potato are America favorite foods, to say the least. However, we all know that they contain ingredients that can lead to what we are most afraid of: being overweight. The problem with carbohydrates is that they cause the body to produce insulin. However, insulin turns carbohydrates into sugar, and whatever sugar we don't use right away gets stored in the body as fat .
On the other hand, a lack of carbohydrates tricks the body into thinking it's starving, at which point it flicks on an internal switch that causes the body to burn its own fat . This is called ketosis. We did mention that if the body doesn't use the extra sugar produced by the intake of carbohydrates, it would be stored in fat . Hmmm, now what about exercise? Have we thought about that?
After studying in depth the way the human body's nutritional processes work, and considering the type of diet these processes evolved with, I must conclude that consuming carbohydrates in limited amounts (not eating a whole pizza, loaf of bread, or a pound of french fries) is the most natural and healthy way for us to eat, not just for weight loss but for ongoing weight and health maintenance – even for people who do not have a weight problem. The “low carb diet” has become extremely popular in the United States in the past few years and continues to have a large following despite the frequent criticisms by various diet experts. Although many of them are without scientific validity, some of them are on target, especially when considering the calorie intakes of some of the formulas presented.
There is a major issue here with all of these plans – that is whether the diet is being used merely for weight loss, or for long-term weight maintenance. As a weight loss diet, any of these plans can work. However, if they are then discarded and previous eating habits are restored, it is likely that any weight lost will be regained, as with any short-term diet. Eventually, going off the low carb diet can definitely promote weight gain in excess of that which was lost, due to metabolic changes that occur. The only sensible way to use a low carb diet for weight loss is to remain on this type of diet on an ongoing basis afterward. The question then asked, “Is it safe for weight loss” and “is it safe for ongoing use as an eating plan?”
Americans now eat more carbohydrates than ever – 50 more pounds per person, per year, than a decade ago (ABC.NEWS). Carbohydrate-related diseases have also reached a peak. After decades of being warned away from fat s, many people have turned to carbohydrates instead. At the same time, obesity levels in the country are greater than ever.
Is there a connection? Do carbohydrates lead people to become obese? Experts in the field have different opinions.
The Zone
Biochemist Barry Sears, author of the best selling low-carbohydrate diet book The Zone, believes carbohydrates do cause people to gain weight. He has developed a controversial theory that suggests that people who eat a lot of carbohydrates get caught up in a cycle of overeating because carbohydrates can be addictive in a way other foods are not. People who critique Sears' theory have various problems with it, including some of his basic premises that carbohydrates lead to weight gain or that carbohydrates are more addictive than other foods. Zone dieting is designed to avoid ketosis, which the author claims causes one to lose muscle weight even with high protein diets. The author also claims that high levels of protein in a meal cause high insulin levels, which converts the protein into fat .
The concept of The Zone is that food should be treated like a prescription drug that is designed to promote the desired hormonal response throughout the day. The hormones in question are insulin, glucagon, and eicosanoids. Insulin and glucagon are well known hormones, and their functions are described accurately.
Sears says eating lots of carbohydrates triggers a flood of insulin. Because there is so much insulin, sugars are cleared from the blood so quickly that people feel hungry again after a very short period. Therefore, carbohydrates drive the sugar level up and then the insulin drives it down. The obesity crisis in America is a result of “carbohydrate hell.” Sears suggests that eating a lot of carbohydrates triggers a biological mechanism that lowers the blood sugar level and leads people to need a sugar boost and therefore to crave more carbohydrates. He says the cycle of eating and craving keeps them hooked on carbohydrates and causes overeating.
“You eat a big carbohydrates meal at 12. By 3 o'clock you're hungry again. You eat more carbohydrates. By 7 you're hungry again,” Sears says. His theory accepts some of the basic principles about how the body processes carbohydrates and takes them a step further. The basic principle is that carbohydrates turn into sugars that trigger the release of insulin. The insulin routes the sugars to our muscles for energy and stores the rest as fat .
To reach the “Zone”, one must consume foods in a protein-to-carbohydrate ratio of 0.75, which is 3 grams of protein for every 4 grams of carbohydrate, at every meal and snack, and without allowing more than 5 hours between meals or snacks. The author converts grams into blocks of protein and carbohydrate and provides food lists and meal plans for these. He distinguishes between carbohydrates with high versus low glycemic indexes, which is a measure of how fast the carbohydrate is digested for each food type. In addition, he adds fat “blocks” to his meal plans and distinguishes between various types of fat s, recommending against saturated fat s and favoring monounsaturated fat s, due to their effect on eicosanoid production. Protein requirements in the Zone are based on lean body mass and level of physical activity (the same method that is used in Protein Power). Lean body mass is calculated using standardized charts that use height, hip, and abdomen measurements in women and weight, wrist and waist measurements in men.
The calculated protein requirement is not to be exceeded, and is to be spread throughout the day to avoid increased insulin levels caused by protein digestion. Therefore, a person would end up with a calorie limit on their total daily intake, since protein has a maximum value, and carbohydrate and fat intake are measured by protein intake.
The second half of the book is a description of how Zone dieting can improve numerous health conditions, primarily based on the eicosanoid activities.
In this program, the author provides excellent scientific explanations for how too many carbohydrates in a diet cause fat storage. The entire design of the Zone diet is also explained in a very scientific fashion, however, it is greatly lacking in scientific evidence to support it. The concept that providing higher levels of carbohydrates would avoid ketosis, which is a condition that may be hazardous over the long term is correct, however, because of a restriction on the intake of protein, carbohydrates, and fat , it is likely that insufficient calories and carbohydrates will be available for most people to avoid ketosis. In other words, the ketosis that results from starvation – getting too few calories to meet basic needs – can easily occur in many persons based on their calculations for daily intakes. There may also not be enough protein in the diet to prevent loss of muscle mass.
-By: Daniel A Amzallag
Dan Amzallag Mission Possible: Eat MORE 2 LOSE more: Combating obesity epidemic in America http://www.fitnesstrainersnetwork.com Top accredited fitness and personal trainers network for USA and Canada To register as a trainer, please visit our site. For clients looking for accredited trainers, this is the right site to be: http://www.fitnesstrainersnetwork.com